Competitiveness and Comparative Advantage in Hungarian Agriculture
نویسندگان
چکیده
We examine the competitiveness of Hungarian agriculture in relation to that of the EU, based on four indices of revealed comparative advantage, for the period 1992 to 1998. Consistency tests suggest that the indices are less satisfactory as cardinal and ordinal measures, but are useful in identifying whether or not Hungary has a comparative advantage in a particular product group. Despite significant changes in Hungarian agriculture during the 1990s, the results indicate that the pattern of comparative advantage has remained stable. Our findings suggest that Hungary has a comparative advantage for live animals and meat, but not for cereals, contradicting the findings of previous studies which have used different approaches to measuring competitiveness. Összefoglaló A dolgozat a magyar mezőgazdaság versenyképességét vizsgálja meg az Európai Unióval szemben. A versenyképesség mérésére a megnyilvánuló komparatív előnyök négy különböző indexét használjuk az 1992 és 1998 közötti időszakra. A konzisztencia tesztek azt sugallják, hogy ezek az indexek kevésbé alkalmasak arra, hogy akár kardinális vagy ordinális mércéül szolgáljanak. Ugyanakkor a megnyilvánuló komparatív előnyök különböző indexei jól használhatóak arra, hogy megállapítsuk, hogy Magyarországnak egy adott termékből van-e megnyilvánuló komparatív előnye vagy sem. Az eredmények arra utalnak, hogy a hazai mezőgazdaságban a kilencvenes években lezajlott lényeges változások ellenére a megnyilvánuló komparatív előnyök szerkezete stabil maradt. Számításaink szerint Magyarországnak komparatív előnyei vannak az EU-val szemben az élő állatok és a húsok esetében, viszont a gabonaféléknél nem. Ez ellentmond a korábbi tanulmányok eredményeivel, amelyek más módszereket alkalmaztak a versenyképesség mérésére.
منابع مشابه
Revealed Comparative Advantage and Competitiveness in Hungarian Agri-food Sectors
This paper investigates the competitiveness of Hungarian agriculture in relation to that of the EU employing four indices of revealed comparative advantage, for the period 1992 to 1998. Consistency tests implies that the indices are less satisfactory as cardinal measures, but are useful in identifying whether or not Hungary has a comparative advantage in a particular product group. The results ...
متن کاملSurvey of the Competitiveness of the Iranian Petrochemical Industry
One of the specific aspects of our time is the existence of World Trade Organization as an important international center. This organization regulates the commercial laws among the countries, and tries to provide a suitable environment for trade by eliminating the subsidies using protection policies and making a better condition for competition. In order to achieve this objective, the economic ...
متن کاملFarm structure and competitiveness in the Hungarian agriculture
After the political, economic and social transformation in 1989-1990, the farm structure in Hungary became undoubtedly more diverse than earlier. The new farm structure is radically different from the characteristics of its main competitors, mainly of other EU member states. The past two decades after the transition was a period long enough to appreciate the characteristics and the main changes...
متن کاملRevealed Comparative Advantage and the Measurement of International Competitiveness for Agricultural Commodities: An Empirical Analysis of Wool Exporters
Trade liberalization and laissez-faire economics are altering the structure of agricultural production and trade. The principle of comparative advantage, a classic tenet of economics, is a useful tool for understanding the future of world agriculture. This study employs a " Revealed Comparative Advantage " approach to investigate patterns of comparative advantage among six major wool exporting ...
متن کاملارزیابی اثرات آزادسازی تجاری بر صنعت فرش دستباف ایران با استفاده از ماتریس تحلیل سیاست (مطالعه موردی: استان قم)
One of major issues of the countries, especially developing countries, is expanding globalization process and the way of facing with it. Globalization is not a process that be encountered similarly in all countries but those who recognize its all aspects could utilize more and make better use of opportunities it makes; consequently, they could compete well in international community. Knowing co...
متن کامل